Pile-fabric.



G. CROSSLAND.

PILE FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 12, 1914.

1,142,149. Patented June 8,1915.

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GEORGE CROSSLAND, OF WORCESTER, MASSAGHIISETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CROMPTON &KNOWLES LOOM WORKS, OF -WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OFMASSACHUSETTS.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

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. Patented June 8, 1915.

Application filed October .12, 1914. Serial No. 866,259.

T all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE CRossLANn, a citizen of the United States,residing. at Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Pile Fabric, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a pile fabric and particularly to a newarrangement of the.

elements of such a fabric by which a firm and substantial back may bewoven S1II 111ltaneously with a plush face or other 81111113.! uppersurface, the invention being particularly applicable to the productlonof plush or mohair rugs. Such rugshave previously been made by weavingthe mohair plush in the usual way and by thereafter sewing and. bindingtheplush to a coarse jute or fiber back. This method of manufactureresults in a clumsy and unsatisfactory article ,in

which the edges are of unnecessary thickness and in which the plush isentirely unsecured to the backing except by the binding at the edgesAccordingly it is the principal ob1ect of my invention to provideafabric particularly adapted for use in rugs and other similar articlesand in which the plush pile face and the coarse backing are wovensimultaneously and constitute a single fabric throughout.

With this object in view my invention comprises certain arrangements andcombnations of parts to be hereinafter described and more particularlypointed out in the appended claims.-

A preferred form of my invention is shown in the drawings in which-Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a portion of fabric embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a partial plan view of the same; and Fig. 3 is adiagrammatic plan view of a rug, for the productionof which my fabric isarticularly adapted.

eferring to Fig. 1 it will beseen that the fabric comprises pile warpthreads M which may be of mohair or other long staple wool, binder warpsB and two ortions of stuflt'er warp S. There may also e included in thestructure an additional pile warp M for a purpose to be described.

As shown in the drawing, there are eight warp threads in each dent ofthe reed, thesewarp threads comprising four stufi'er warps S, two binderwarps B, one active pile warp the next two succeeding M and one inactivepile war M. The number of stuifer'warps may e varied as desired, itbeing merely essential that the stufi'er warp be separable into an upperand a lower portion. a

The filling in my improved fabric is dis;

posed in three planes, the fabric ,being similar in this respect to thatshown in my revious Patent N 0. 1,038,532 dated'Septemer 17, 1912. Fourfilling threads are used within each crossing of the binder warps, twoof these filling threads 11 and 18 serving to secure the active pile wars in the face of the fabric, one filling t read 12 separating thestuffer warps into two p'ortions, and the fourth filling thread 14underlying. the lower stufi'er warps.

The active pile warps are raised alternately to form loops and in Fig.1, I have shown a knife 15 positioned within one of the loops of thepile warps. I have also shown two loops of they warp after the knife hasbeen withdrawn and the loops have been severed. Each portion of theactive .pile warp passes under a fillin thread 13, over and 13, andunder the following filling thread 11. This manner of binding theportions of pile warp is essential to firmly secure mohair and similarlong staple wool and is universally used in mohair pile fabrics.

In Fig. 2 I have indicated the manner in which the active pile war 5 Mare alternately brought to the sur ace, the severed ling threads 11 endsof the pile warps being indicated at 16.

It will thus appear that I have provided a plush or pile face embodyingall the advantages of the usual plush weave and that at the same time Ihave woven into the fabric the heavy backing formed in two planes by thestufier warps S and including the inactive pile warp M when the latteris used.

In the production of plush rugs it is often desirable to form differentportions of the rug of plush having different characteristics and it isfor this purpose that the additional pile warp M is provided. In Fig. 3I have shown a rug in which the center is formed from curled orotherwise manipulated mohair warp, while the border andends are formedof straight or untreated warp. For

providing for the production of successive portions of the rug withdifferent surface characteristics. To change the character of thesurface it is merely necessary to bring the other set of pile warps intouse through the medium of a jacquard or similar selective mechanism.

The disposition of the filling threads in my improved fabric is suchthat I am enabled to use a double shuttle loom. I dispose the warpthreads in upper and lower sheds, simultaneously inserting the filling11 in the upper shed and the filling 12 in the lower shed, and on thefollowing pick simultaneously inserting the filling threads 13 and 14. Iam thus enabled to insert a row of pile tufts 16 in my improved fabricfor each three picks of the loom, two filling threads being inserted oneach of two successive picks and the third pick being an idle pickduring which the knife 15 is inserted. The

rate of fproduction of my improved fabric is there ore the same as thatof the simple fabric without the backing, in which also three picks arerequired for the production of each row of pile tufts.

Having thus described my invention it will be evident that changes andmodifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope thereof as set forth in the claimsand I do not wish to be otherwise limited to the details hereindisclosed, but

What I do claim is 1-. A pile fabric having three planes of fillingseparated by two planes of warp, said fabric comprising filling threads,pile warps, binder warps, and stufl'er warps, the p1le warps passingunder one filling thread, over two filling threads, and under anadditional filling thread, founpicks of filling being inserted withineach crossing of the binder warps, two picks underlying alternate binderwarps and alternate pile warps, one pick underlying a portion of thestuffer warps, and the remaining pick underlying the remaining portionof the stuifer warps.

and overlying alternate binder warps.

2. A pile fabric having three planes of filling separated by two planesof warp, said fabric comprising filling threads, pile warps, binderwarps, and stufl'er warps, the

active pile warps forming pile tufts alternately and being retained uponthe face of While either one of thesethe fabric b the filling threadsonly, certain of the stu er warps and the inactive pile warps formingthe upper war plane and the remainin stuffer warps orming the lower warpp ane.

'3. A pile fabric having three planes of fabric comprising fillingthreads, two sets of pile warps, binder warps having differentcharacteristics, and stuffer warps, the active pile warps havin certaincharacteristics and forming pile tu ts alternately, the inactive pilewarps having different characteristics and cooperating with a portion ofthe stufler warps to form the upper warp plane and the remaining stufierwarps forming the lower warp plane.

4:. A pile fabric having three planes. of filling separated by twoplanes of warp, said fabric comprising fillin threads, pile warps,binder warps, and stu er war s, the active pile warps'passing under onelling thread, over two filling threads, and under an additional fillingthread, four picks of filling being inserted within each crossing of thebinder warps, two picks thereof underlying alternate binder warps andalternate active pile warps, one pick underlyingthe inactive pile warpsand a portion of the stulfer warps, and the remaining pick overlyingalternate binder warps only.

5. Apile fabric having three planes of filling separated by two planesof warp, said tional filling thread, four picks of filling beinginserted within each crossing of the binder warps, and being so disposedthat they may be inserted in pairs simultaneously, whereby one row ofpile tufts may be inserted in the fabric for every three picks of theloom.-

6. A pile fabric having a plush face woven with eight warp threads ineach reed dent, said threads comprising an active pile warp havingcertain characteristics, an inactive pile warp having differentcharacteristics, four stuffer warps and two binder warps, said stuiferwarps and inactive pile warps being disposed in two planes separatingthree planes of filling-threads.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses. 1 GEORGE GROSSLAND.

Witnesses:

OHAs. T. HAwLnr, 0. Forums]: Wesson.

. filling separated by two planes of warp, said It is hereby certifiedthat in Letters Patent No. 1,142,149, granted June 8, 1915,

upon the application of George Crossland, of Worcester, Massachusetts,for an improvement in Pile Fabrics, errors appear in the printedspecification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 69, strikeout the words binder -warps; same page, line 70, before the v rord andinsert the w0rds binder warps; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read .with these corrections therein that the same may conform to therecord of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

. Signed and sealed this 29th day of June, A. D., 1915.

[SEAL] J. T. NEWTON,

Acting Gammz'ssioner of Patents.

